Statutory health insurance (GKV):
GKV generally only covers medically necessary services – e.g., doctor's visits, hospital stays, or medications.
There are around 95 statutory health insurance companies, some with significantly different premiums and benefits – up to €1,000 difference per year.
Private supplementary insurance (e.g., dental prosthesis or daily sickness benefit) is necessary to meaningfully expand coverage.
Private health insurance (PKV):
As a self-employed person or employee with an annual income of more than €73,800 (2025), you can take out private insurance.
PKV often offers higher benefits and can be more affordable.
Long-term care insurance:
Statutory long-term care insurance is mandatory, but only covers part of the actual costs of care.